Thou met’st with things dying,
I with things newborn.
I with things newborn.
Old Shepherd, The Winter’s Tale (III.3)
I.
Of the four genres
that Shakespeare’s plays can be broken into, it is the final group that is
perhaps the most maligned and misunderstood. Yet it is this very same group
that perhaps holds the keys to unlocking the humanism at the heart of
Shakespeare’s oeuvre. These four plays, the ‘Romances’ – comprising Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale,
and The Tempest – are generally
believed to have been written between 1608 and 1612. When viewed together, they
form a valediction to one of the most consistently human and moving bodies of
work in the modern-English literature canon, and are characterised by their
almost fairytale-like plots and structures, and almost-absurdly contrived turns
of events that carry them from one incredible scene to the next. Read as a
progressive series of Chinese boxes, this quartet (or quintet, as I shall
suggest) forms a coda to the plays, poems and sonnets that have come before
them. There is a restoration of balance at their heart, a distinct sense of regaining
an inherent aesthetic equilibrium, one that sets out to right wrongs; like
Prospero at the conclusion of The Tempest,
they seem to be asking readers and audiences alike, “As you from crimes would
pardon’d be, Let your indulgence set me free.”